The destruction of the environment is advancing worldwide and with it the decline in biological diversity. Europe is no exception. Despite some EU measures, biodiversity has declined in recent years. The German Council Presidency can be a bright spot. Nature in Europe is threatened. And that from several sides. Intensive agriculture and forestry displace many animal and plant species. An expansion of the settlement areas destroys special habitats such as dune landscapes and rocky areas. And pollution does the rest. As a result, biodiversity continues to decline dramatically, as a report by the EU Environment Agency EEA presented in Copenhagen shows.

The red fish is also known in Germany as the Danube salmon or huchen.

Thus, despite some efforts and some improvements, Member States are still treading water overall in protecting biodiversity. The conservation status of most of the protected species and habitats remains inadequate, while many of them are still in decline. A majority of the EU-wide protected species such as the sucker falcon and the red fish as well as habitats such as green spaces and dunes would therefore face an uncertain future if something did not change quickly. Nature conservation directives and environmental regulations are not being sufficiently implemented.

When nature becomes usable land, humans encourage diseases in the animal kingdom

At the local level, however, there are bright spots. “Our assessment shows that protecting the health and resilience of nature in Europe and human well-being requires fundamental changes,” said EEA Director General Hans Bruyninckx. Something has to change fundamentally in the way food is produced and consumed, forests are managed and used, and cities are built. These efforts would have to go hand in hand with better implementation and enforcement of nature conservation and increasingly ambitious climate protection measures, particularly in the transport and energy sectors.

In Europe, the nuthatch lives mainly in larger trees in mixed deciduous forests, parks and gardens.

According to the EEA, the report is the most comprehensive collection of data that has ever been undertaken in Europe on the state of nature. It covers the period from 2013 to 2018 and is based on information from EU countries on species and habitat protection in their areas. The EU Commission and EEA then create a large overall picture from this. Like other EU countries, Germany has reported more natural areas and species in poor to worse than good condition, said EEA expert Carlos De Oliveira Romao. In around a third of the breeding birds there, the population is declining, while the proportion of stable populations has increased from 24 to 31 percent. One sees improvements in whooper swans, nuthatches and gray geese, for example. Two projects also helped to successfully reintroduce the allis shad in the Rhine. This is one of several local positive examples pointed out by the EEA. These would have to be increased significantly in number and scope in order to reverse the overall situation, said Romao. The fact that nothing really has really happened in the past six years is bad news. “There are no significant improvements. This is disturbing news,” he said.

Biodiversity threatened in Germany The traffic light is red in 33 percent of the animals

Christoph Heinrich, Head of Nature Conservation at WWF Germany, said with regard to the decline in some animal species: “These are historic lows. This week, however, the Federal Government, as EU Council President, also has the chance to initiate a historic trend reversal. Because with decisions on the Common Agricultural Policy ( GAP), the EU biodiversity strategy and catch quotas for the Baltic Sea, the course will be set for the next few years.” According to the EEA report, some species and habitats in the EU are able to maintain their conservation status, while the majority continue to have a poor to poor status. Among the 463 wild bird species in the EU that fall under the Birds Directive 2009/147 / EC, the proportion in good condition has fallen by five to 47 percent and that in poor or poor condition has increased by seven to 39 percent.

Too little original land New rescue plan for Europe’s forests

The condition of 63 percent of the almost 1400 species that fall under the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive 92/43 / EEC is therefore poor or poor. In terms of habitats, things are even more gloomy: there the status is insufficient for 81 percent and good for only 15 percent. Forests still show the best trends, while meadows, dunes and moors deteriorate significantly. Brussels is also aware of the situation. “This assessment of the state of nature shows very clearly that we are continuing to lose our indispensable life support system,” said EU Environment Commissioner Virginijus Sinkevicius. The obligations from the new biodiversity strategy must be met urgently in order to reverse this decline – “for the benefit of nature, people, the climate and the economy,” said Sinkevicius.

A little jungle in Bavaria Oldest German national park lets “nature be nature”

The EU Commission headed by Ursula von der Leyen issued the new EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030 in May. At least 30 percent of the land and sea area in the EU should therefore be placed under protection by 2030 – currently it is around 18 percent within the framework of the European Natura 2000 network. Such areas may be used, but with restrictions. A third of the protected area should be specially protected and left virtually natural. Damaged areas should be preserved and restored. The goals of the 2020 biodiversity strategy have meanwhile been missed. “We have failed to achieve our stated goal of stopping and reversing the loss of biodiversity in the EU,” said Micheal O’Briain, deputy head of the Commission’s nature conservation department. But there is hope: the new EU Commission made it clear from day one that we were dealing with both a climate and a biodiversity crisis.

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